It is a rationalization of human extinction, a philosophy that justifies self-imposed sterility as more personally fulfilling than motherhood. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Not The Marrying Kind: A Feminist Critique of Same-Sex Marriage (Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies). But suppose it were also shown that children with unmarried parents did better on other measures: they were more independent and resilient, and were more likely to question unjust social arrangements such as gendered hierarchies. However, there might be a further limitation to the forms of contract that were regarded as valid � for example, a contract in which one partner contributed equally towards the property but had no rights over it in the case of separation might be deemed unenforceable. In particular, feminist literary critics tend to reject the patriarchal norms of literature, which privileges masculine ways of thinking/points of view and marginalizes women politically, economically and psychologically. Larmore�s rejection of established religion suggests, contra Estlund, that the argument from character can be contained: there are limits on the policies that can be justified neutrally, and established religion falls outside those limits. They Ignored Me. For a sustained critique of this feature of marriage, particularly its requirement of monogamy, see Card, �Against Marriage and Motherhood� and Elizabeth F. Emens, �Just Monogamy?� in Mary Lyndon Shanley (ed. In other words, symbolic violence occurs when, through social pressures, an individual feels herself to be inferior or worthless. Nancy L. Rosenblum, �Democratic Sex: Reynolds v. U.S., Sexual Relations, and Community� in David M. Estlund and Martha C. Nussbaum (eds. Instead, this book begins from a critical analysis of the institution of marriage itself (as well as separate forms of relationship recognition, such as civil partnership, PaCS, domestic partnership) and asks whether and how feminist ... Since marriage is unjust in both its effects on women and its unavailability to homosexuals, it follows that those who are married are benefiting from injustice. The results are consistent with a feminist critique of heterosexual marriage as a gendered institution in which wives find less satisfaction than husbands do”. The Story of an Hour, Written by Kate Chopin – a woman and classical feminist author in every sense of the label – depicts a young housewife by the name of Mrs.Mallard who has just learned that her husband has died in a train accident. Empirical arguments against Card and Okin and in favour of marriage are made by several writers. This book addresses fundamental questions about marriage in moral and political philosophy. D/ L �/ 0 0 �. Rawls states that political liberals �cannot propose that the equal division of labour in the family be simply mandated, or its absence in some way penalized at law for those who do not adopt it� since the equal basic liberties require that people are free to choose an unequal division. Personal relationships may still have to be regulated so as to protect vulnerable parties, including but not only children; so as to regulate disputes over joint property; and so as to appropriately direct state benefits and taxes. Charles E. Larmore, Patterns of Moral Complexity (CUP, 1987) p. 44. Found insideThe aim of our publishing program is to facilitate rapid access to this vast reservoir of literature, and our view is that this is a significant literary work, which deserves to be brought back into print after many decades. Though we don’t currently accept guest submissions, we have an open platform Community site to which anyone can contribute. A critique of feminism Bisong, Peter Bisong and Samuel Aloysius Ekanem Department of Philosophy, University of Calabar Calabar – Nigeria ... opposition to chattel marriage, women suffrage and the treatment of women as properties. Alternatively, piecemeal voluntarism would see people drawing up a series of contracts. One problematic aspect of Metz�s proposals is her argument that the state should impose no limit whatever on private marriages, a position I discuss in a piece of work-in-progress. It is beyond the scope of this paper to resolve these empirical questions, but we can see how the argument would have to proceed. Indeed, even if marriage could be reformed so that it lost its patriarchal taint, liberals still should not endorse it. If well-designed they mitigate the practical and symbolic inequalities of marriage and so may address feminist concerns. Found insideHeartburn is a sinfully delicious novel, as soul-satisfying as mashed potatoes and as airy as a perfect soufflé. Both are common, even common-sensical, and yet the two are not straightforwardly compatible. Many feminists thus campaign for the extension of marriage to same-sex couples, and some argue that extending marriage to homosexuals would utterly transform the institution. It is possible that, if the institution of marriage exists, it is better to be married than not, but that the very existence of the institution is oppressive. C. Trend toward remarriage and formation of “multi” families. Agreements made between individuals, on this model, are indecisive at least and irrelevant at most: if they conflict with the state directive in certain ways then they are disregarded. Found insideMany anti-capitalist traditions and themes - including democracy, globalisation, feminism, critique and ecology inform and shape the contributions in this volume. Feminism is the ideology of the Darwinian Dead End. Marriage, Reproductive Rights, and Commodification of The Body For example, Charles Larmore explains neutrality in the following way: a political decision � can count as neutral only if it can be justified without appealing to the presumed intrinsic superiority of any particular conception of the good life. Bollywood, Feminism, Feminist Critique, Feminist Film Review, Films. Prof Whitley. One way of understanding this diversity is by returning to the idea that marriage is an institution. R K4 � K4 D/ � � � � � � � � Feminism, Liberalism and Marriage Clare Chambers University of Cambridge HYPERLINK "mailto:cec66@cam.ac.uk" cec66@cam.ac.uk HYPERLINK "http://www.clarechambers.com" www.clarechambers.com Feminists have been pointing out the peculiarities of the marriage contract for at least a century and a half, but to no avail. Feminist Criticism Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzerald. However, there are undoubtedly some ways in which children�s interests can override their parents� freedom. Consider, for example, whether it would be desirable from a feminist perspective to legalise same-sex marriages. But public reason can provide a strong rationale for minimal marriage: care, and social supports for care, are a matter of fundamental justice. Alternatively, a state could regulate all relevant relationships using directives unless the individuals concerned had drawn up a contract. Prudence, because in our society care is most often and most effectively given and received in intimate caregiving relationships. The voluntarist, contractual model leaves individuals free to draw up their own arrangements which the state then enforces. By Sadaf Ayub Choudhary and Iqra Saif Agha. However, the problem arises when we give importance to one task over the other. I think that gaining same-sex marriage is an important first step. Finally, although issues raised in Clément’s critique can be applied to Tristan und Isolde, feminist musicology has raised questions over the critique’s validity. Are these criticisms valid? A Feminist Critique of Same-Sex Marriage. But some may be compatible with or even required by justice, and so it is important to theorise how they should be revised for a marriage-free society. But, as Claudia Card insists, it would be wrong to think that practical harms have ceased as laws have changed: the progress embodied in the criminalization of marital rape and violence, she writes, �has been mostly on paper. Not The Marrying Kind: A Feminist Critique Of Same Sex Marriage (Palgrave Macmillan Socio Legal Studies) Nicola Barker, Libert Du Taux De L'intrt, Ou, L'Abolition Des Lois Sur L'usure [FACSIMILE] Jacques, 1798-1860 Bresson, Calvin In Context David C. Steinmetz, The … This thesis is a critical analysis of the legal recognition of same-sex relationships, particularly through marriage. This seems the more likely of the �defense of marriage� idea, and yet the mechanism by which something �good� becomes shameful by proximity to something allegedly shameful is reminiscent of the magical thinking involved in disgust, with its core ideas of contamination and contagion. The Indian Society has always been criticized for following social norms that are patriarchal in nature. Holistic voluntarism would mean that individuals about to enter into a partnership would draw up a contract, unique to themselves, detailing the various arrangements that would govern their life together. The directive model leaves the state as the regulator, passing laws that determine the rights and duties that obtain between those in a particular relationship. marriage and to the sanctions imposed against single women and widows-both of whom have been and still are viewed as deviant. Card, �Against Marriage and Motherhood�. Nor will liberty be infringed if the state does not accord special rights to religiously married people or those who have undergone a private celebratory ceremony of partnership; or if the state regulates disputes over the custody of children, the distribution of assets, or physical abuse regardless of the (marital) relationship between the disputing parties. As she puts it: For all that has been said about the privacy that marriage protects, what astonishes me is how much privacy one gives up in marrying. Preventing abuse to children is a legitimate political goal. Research shows that many heterosexual women see single life as a temporary phase preceding marriage, and that being single for longer or when older is construed as sad and shameful, and at least partially the fault of the single woman herself. A Critique of Marxist Feminism Essay Example. Feminist Critique, TV Shows 65-78. Also, the story showed the way of life and culture of the Ifugao. But at some point society has to rely on the natural affection and goodwill of family members.� Even the staunchest defenders of marriage cannot plausibly argue that it is necessary to prevent abuse and neglect; whether marriage is a crucial part of �much else� is anyone�s guess. Reflecting the culture in which Othello was written, none of the three female characters is ultimately treated as an equal by the men. In the words of Maria Miller, Secretary of State responsible for the Bill and author of the introduction, it has since progressed against a backdrop of 'strong feelings on all sides'. 13 No. Paula L. Ettelbrick, �Since When is Marriage a Path to Liberation?� p. 758. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1980. 2.i: Marriage as a symbolic institution To see the relevance to liberalism of the symbolic value of marriage, consider right-wing defences of traditional marriage. However, the policy of distinguishing civil partnership from marriage also has disadvantages. However, once we have recognised the profoundly symbolic nature of marriage, this process is obvious. This model preserves a special status akin to marriage, but means that no two marriages need be alike (though of course individuals might in practice choose from pre-drafted contracts made available by lawyers). Indeed, one way of breaking away from the patriarchal history of marriage might be to offer civil partnerships to heterosexual couples as well as to homosexual ones (currently forbidden in the UK). I Asked the Department of Education to Fight for Black Girls. This question recalls the liberal/communitarian debate, in which communitarians such as Charles Taylor argue that a consistent liberalism has to promote community since without a certain sort of community there can be no individual rights in the first place. In attempting to create a US Black feminist philosophy, I have uncovered three lessons in US Black women’s social theory. Not all aspects of existing marriage law that give special recognition to couples are legitimate. Sub- The ambiguities as to whether particular marriage reforms are feminist all apply to reforms that retain the institution. In the state of nature, man subjugated woman by being physically stronger, while woman was frequently incapacitated by … Janet C. Gornick, �Reconcilable Differences: What it Would Take for Marriage and Feminism to say �I do�� in The American Prospect Online (7th April 2002), HYPERLINK "http://www.prospect.org" http://www.prospect.org See, for example, Pepper Schwartz, Love between Equals: How Peer Marriage Really Works. With the four feminist critiques in mind, we can see that the issue is by no means clear-cut. In this paper I consider two egalitarian approaches: feminism and liberalism. Galston stipulates that such politics must maintain liberty and gender equality but it is unclear how state endorsement of marriage can be compatible with these values. Toerien and Williams, �In Knots� p. 434. In this quote, and in feminist argument more generally, we can identify two distinct strands in feminist critiques of marriage. Carole Pateman, The Sexual Contract (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1988) p. 5. D. The high divorce rate and the longer time between divorce and remarriage contribute to the increase in single-parent families. But ironically, this obscured the feminist message by making marriage seem like the crowning glory of love and a fundamental human right. Wives continue to die daily at a dizzying rate.� In general, these feminist critiques of marriage depend for their force and applicability on the laws of marriage in operation in any particular time and place, and on the social norms and sociological facts that accompany them. May a liberal state then actively promote that family structure? Rosemary Auchmuty. ... Feminist epistemological projects began as a critique of that tradition but have evolved beyond the critical to reframe and reconceptualize the problems of knowledge and the epistemological project itself. Understandably he �resents� and �loathes� the fact that, according to the Court and US policy, homosexuals are not deemed able to enter into such noble and sacred relationships. In her discussion of same sex marriage, Catherine Donovan (2004) argues against same sex marriage, drawing upon several feminist critiques of marriage as a social institution. Indeed, that is precisely the hope of feminists who argue in favour of same-sex marriage: that marriage�s traditional oppression of women will be mitigated by the fundamental change in the symbolism of the institution. Found inside – Page 1This book examines the traffic in women for marriage, a phenomenon that has been largely overlooked in international efforts to address the problem of human trafficking. "Every human existence involves transcendence and immanence at the same time; to go forward, each existence must be maintained, for it to expand toward the future it must integrate the past, and while intercommunicating with others it should find self-confirmation." They grant same-sex couples the possibility of legal conformity with institutional arrangements which formally recognize heterosexual intimacy while effectively excluding us from that very institution. For some liberals, however, it is permissible for the state to promote a way of life it if is valuable or autonomy-promoting. Sexual Violence And The Law. Opinion has always been divided. The Trouble with Marriage is part of a new global feminist jurisprudence around marriage and violence that looks to law as strategy rather than solution. A Feminist Critique of Marriage. On this account juxtaposing marriage�s oppressiveness to women and to homosexuals fails to compare like with like: marriage is oppressive to women as compared to a world without marriage; it is oppressive to deny homosexuals marriage only insofar as that institution does exist. Found insideIn Victoriana, leading feminist cultural critic Cora Kaplan reflects on our modern obsession with Victorian culture. Indeed, even her caring relationships might be more complex than would be captured by ICGU status. We need to revive their legacy. Lisa Duggan. Feminist Standpoint Theory. Changes to marriage law in favour of gender equality are hard-won victories resting on the suffering of many women, and changes in social norms concerning domestic labour are extremely hard for even feminist women and would-be egalitarian couples to achieve. Legalising same-sex marriage would go some way towards greater institutional recognition. Same-Sex Marriage Revived: Feminist Critique and Legal Strategy. feminist criticism from French feminists and feminist critics. A critique of motherhood, marriage, the nuclear family, and sexuality, questioning how much of our culture is based on patriarchal assumptions; A critique of other institutions, including government and religion, as centered historically in patriarchal power ... "Feminist Generations: The Persistence of the Radical Women's Movement." Women presented in literature by male writers from male point of view.
2. This idea might leave it open that policies such as the establishment and privileging of marriage could be justified on other grounds. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association in Washington DC, the University of Cambridge Centre for Gender Studies seminar, the Nuffield Political Theory Workshop, the Birkbeck Philosophy Graduate Conference and the University of Warwick Political Theory Seminar. Found insideThe Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory provides a rich overview of the analytical frameworks and theoretical concepts that feminist theorists have developed to analyze the known world. The more diversity is permitted within the scope of the privileged institution, the less approbation is reserved for any one particular form. Two approaches suggest themselves. Heterosexual-only marriage is symbolically oppressive to women and to homosexuals. Can marriage be separated from its historical function of oppressing women through an unfair divison of labour? Nussbaum�s failure to recognise the symbolic aspects of marriage thus leads her to advocate reforms to marriage law as they govern the rights and duties of married people, but not to question the role that marriage plays in society as a whole. This essay takes into consideration a very important problem of today-Forced marriage and discusses the major feminist views which lead to the subjugation of women into such practices. Feminist Criticism
FC has two basic premises:
1. � I cannot help wondering if the face-to-face community of the missionary position has salutary effects on citizen empathy, and whether there might be some ingenious way to discourage other sexual positions through public policy. Marriage presents and represents a particular symbolic meaning that transcends individuals� subjective self-understandings and experiences. Disclaimer: This post was written by a Feministing Community user and does not necessarily reflect the views of any Feministing columnist, editor, or executive director. See Jane Lewis, The End of Marriage? It seems obvious that institutions need not remain unjust forever, beyond the abolition of that which made them unjust in the first place.
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